Conditions of Intercession

 Allah mentions in the Qur´an two conditions which must be fulfilled to qualify to make intercession: that it is both acceptable to Allah and beneficial to the one on whose behalf the intercesion is being made.

The first condition is Allah´s permission to the intercessor to intercede whether this intercessor is a Prophet, a martyr or an angel. This is as Allah says,

Intercession with Him profits not, except for him whom He permits. (Saba´: 23)

The second condition is Allah´s pleasure for the one being interceded for, being that he is guilty of a sin lesser than shirk, if the one being interceded for is a disbeliever, Allah will not accept that anyone intercedes for him because Allah does not forgive that anything is associated with Him. Hence, Allah the Exalted says concerning the disbelievers:

´´So no intercession of intercessors will be of any use to them.´´ (Al-Muddathhir: 48)

Allah also says;

´´None shall have the power of intercession, but such a one as has received permission (or promise) from the Most Beneficent (Allah).´´ (Maryam: 87)

The promise (or covenant) in this verse is the testimony of ´Laa ilaaha illAllah´ It is also said that the covenant is as-salaah based on the worlds of Allah´s Messenger salla alayhi wa salam:

´´The covenant between us and them is as-salaah, so whoever abandons it has disbelived.´´7

A disbeliever does not have with Allah any covenant of tawheed and eemaan, hence, intercession on his behalf will not be accepted from any intercessor. The Messenger of allah salla alayhi wa salam said:

´´My intercession shall be for members of my ummah guilty of major sins.´´8

It means that he will intercede for the sinners generally even if they are guilty of major sins. However, whoever falls into a sin more heinous than the major ones, i.e. shirk, then, he will not be interceded for.

Allah mentions the two conditions in a single verse where He says:

´´On that Day of intercession shall avail, except the one for whom the Most beneficent (allah) has given permission and whose word is acceptable to Him.´´ (TaHa: 109)

The phrase´´ ---for whom the Most Beneficent (Allah) has given permission´´ means on the condition that allah given permission to the intercessor to intercede.

The phrase´´ ...and whose word is acceptable to Him´´ means that on the condition that allah is pleased with the one on behalf of whom intercession would be made since he did not commit shirk.

No one has the prerogative of granting permission for intercession except Allah, the Exalted as He says:

´´Say: To Allah belongs all intercession.´´ (Az-Zumar: 44)

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